高中英语语法系统讲解之九
定语从句
定语从句在复合句中修饰一个名词或代词。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”。引导定语从句并作定语从句中的一个成分的词叫做“关系词”。常见的关系词有关系代词(who,whom,whose,that,which等)和关系副词(when,where,why等)。关系词有两个作用:1、放在先行词与定语从句中间起连接作用,引导定语从句;2、代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分,并与先行词保持数的一致。
关系代词引导的定语从句
1、关系代词及其作用一览表
关系词
|
先行词
|
从句成分
|
例句
|
备注
|
关
系
代
词
|
who
|
表人的词
|
主语
|
Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?
|
whom,that,which在从句中作宾语时,常可省略;但介词提前是,后面关系代词不能省略,也不可用that。
|
whom
|
表人的词
|
宾语
|
Mr. Li is the person with whom I am working.
Thy boy (whom) she loved died in the war.
|
whose
|
表人或物的词
|
定语
|
I like those books whose topics are about history.
The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate.
|