§2.2 等差数列
1.等差数列的判定
(1)an-an-1=d (n≥2,d为常数)⇔{an}是公差为d的等差数列;
(2)2an=an-1+an+1 (n≥2)⇔{an}是等差数列;
(3)an=kn+b(k,b为常数)⇔{an}是公差为k的等差数列(n≥1);
(4)Sn=An2+Bn(A,B为常数)⇔{an}是公差为2A的等差数列(n≥1).
例如:已知等差数列{an}的前n项和Sn=(n-1)2+λ,则λ的值是________.
解析 Sn=(n-1)2+λ=n2-2n+(1+λ),
∵{an}是等差数列,∴1+λ=0,λ=-1.
答案 -1
2.等差数列的通项公式