阅读理解：
In many ways, the earliest periods of photography are the most satisfying. Learning to use the controls is easy and comes quickly, and you can measure the results in terms of sharp and correctly developed pictures. Once you have mastered that, you can start on the second step of your photographic work. Using these basic skills in the wide variety of situations to give the pictures you want, noticing what you see through the viewfinder and turning that into the most effective picture becomes totally interesting.
All good photographs have one thing in common: there is no doubt what the subject of the picture is meant to be. Every photographer must use those same standards to his or her work, not only to finished results but to the subject before he or she takes it. Always work out quite clearly what the subject of the picture is to be and why
