语法精讲
Ⅰ.动词的ing形式
1.动词-ing形式(动名词)作主语
动名词(短语)具有名词的基本性质,因此动名词(短语)可以在句子中充当主语。单个动名词(短语)作主语时,句子的谓语动词通常用单数。
(1)动名词(短语)在句首直接作主语
动名词(短语)作主语常表示经常性或习惯性的动作,通常放在句首。
?Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language.
大声朗读对我们学外语来说很重要。
(2)it作形式主语,动名词(短语)作真正的主语
动名词(短语)作主语的句子有时可以用it作形式主语,动名词(短语)作真正主语。常见结构有:
It's a waste of time doing sth.做某事浪费时间。
It's useless/worthwhile doing sth.做某事是没用的/值得的。
It's no use/no good/no need doing sth.做某事是没用的/没好处的/没必要的。
?It was a waste of time reading that book.
读那本书就是在浪费时间。
(此句中It为形式主语,真正的主语为reading that book)
(3)There is/was+ no+动名词(短语)
?There was no knowing what he could do.
不知道他能做什么。
?There is no denying that only if we deal with and overcome large numbers of difficulties in a correct way will we achieve our dreams.
不可否认,我们只有用正确的方式处理和克服大量的困难,我们才能实现我们的梦想。