一、基础知识
动词-ing形式
一、动词-ing形式的用法
1. 作主语
Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
注意:
通常为了避免句子主语过于冗长,用it作形式主语。
It's nice talking with you. 和你谈话很高兴。
2. 作宾语
Jim dislikes eating chocolate. 吉姆不喜欢吃巧克力。
注意:
后面须接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词(词组):
避免 错过 少延期 avoid miss put off/postpone
建议 完成 多练习 suggest finish practice
喜欢 想象 禁不住 enjoy imagine can't help承认 否定 不喜欢 admit deny dislike逃避 冒险 莫原谅 escape risk excuse忍受 保持 不介意stand keep mind
3. 作表语
Their job is cleaning the window.他们的工作是擦窗户。
4. 作定语
(1)动词-ing形式可以单独作定语。
a smiling face笑脸
a leading figure领导人物
(2)当-ing分词短语作后置定语时,可以转换为定语从句。
She went on board the train leaving for Beijing.
=She went on board the train which was leaving for Beijing.
她坐上了去北京的列车。
5. 作宾语补足语
I found the parade quite interesting to watch.
我觉得观看游行很有趣
6. 作状语
-ing分词作状语表示在进行一个动作的同时所进行的另一个动作,它对谓语动词起修饰和陪衬的作用。-ing分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随情况。
Having cleaned the rooms we began to weed the garden.(时间)
打扫完房间,我们开始在花园里除草。
Having no interest in the topic, he didn't go to the lecture.(原因)
由于对这个话题没有兴趣,他没去听讲座。
It will take you half an hour to get to the station,allowing for traffic delays.(条件)
如果把路上的耽搁算进去,你要花半小时才能到车站。
Granting the achievements to be great,there is still something to be desired.(让步)
(尽管)认可成就是伟大的,(但)仍有一些要改进的地方。
My car was caught in a traffic jam,thus causing the delay.(结果)
我的车遇到了交通堵塞,因此延误了。
Travelling by train,we visited a number of cities.(方式)
我们坐火车游览了很多城市。
Mary sat by the window of the classroom,reading a book.(伴随)
玛丽坐在教室的窗户旁,正在读一本书。