II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Tall, young and active
November 14, 1963 was a cold morning. This was nothing out of the ordinary for the fisherman. They were used to the winter weather around Iceland. Suddenly, however, they saw something unusual. Thick, black smoke was pouring out of the sea. ____1____ (think) a boat was on fire, they raced toward it. Yet as they got closer, they realized it was ____2____ quite different. Magma (岩浆) was rubbing away from the ocean floor. The fishermen watched as a new island rose from the sea. This island, later ____3____ (name) Surtsey, joined the thousands of volcanic islands worldwide.
The island of Hawaii is one of the most well-known volcanic islands. Lava (熔岩) from multiple volcanoes built this island. One of these volcanoes is Mauna Kea. Mauna Kea began under the ocean over 1 million years ago. Magma broke through the Earth’s crust- that is, the outer layer of the earth. ____4____ the magma cooled, it formed an underwater mountain. About 100,000 years ago, the mountain rose ____5____ sea level. Eruption (喷发) then became more frequent and more violent. Layers of lava hardened into rock. Now, Mauna Kea ____6____ (measure) 9,966 meters from ocean floor to mountain peak, making it the world’s highest mountain.
Fortunately for Hawaiians, Mauna Kea volcano is quiet - for the time being. ____7____ volcano on the same island is anything but quiet. Kilauea is smaller than Mauna Kea. However, it has erupted nonstop since 1983 and is the world’s most active volcano, ____8____ produces between 300,000 and 600,000 m2 of lava every day. Over the past two decades. It ____9____ (add) more than 540 acres to the island. In spite of the danger, it is a popular tourist attraction. Yet, ____10____ this popular tourist attraction contributes to the Hawaiian economy financially also comes at a cost. Kilauea is responsible for taking both lives and homes.
