A
(2021·重庆模拟)
Say the phrase “female environmental pioneers, ” and among the names you will hear are Rachel Carson, who wrote pesticides; chimpanzee expert Jane Goodall; and 17-year-old climate-change activist Greta Thunberg. To mark Women’s History Month, Kidspost is sharing the story of an environmental pioneer who is not that famous but equally remarkable.
At age 3, Sylvia Earle found her lifelong passion while playing on a beach. A wave suddenly came up and knocked her over.
“My mother. . . saw the big smile on my face and let me run back in, ” Earle told a TV interviewer years later. “And I’ve been running back in ever since. ”
Earle is now 84 years old and has spent a lifetime exploring the world’s oceans and working to protect them from pollution, overfishing and other threats.
She is a pioneer in using scuba gear. Scuba gear lets divers take breath underwater. She holds the world record for the deepest untethered walk on the ocean floor at 1, 250 feet. This means she was not tied to anything when she was walking underwater. During this exploration, she planted a U. S. flag.
In 1998, Time magazine gave Earle its first Heroes for the Planet award. She was the first female chief scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). It is the U. S. ocean and atmosphere group. She was also elected to the National Women’s Hall of Fame.
Earle has spent her life teaching people about the ocean. She notes how much it affects the weather, and what we eat and drink. She has something to say to those who don’t understand why the ocean matters. “They should know that with every breath they take, every drop of water they drink, the ocean is touching them, ” Earle says. “You should treat the ocean as if your life depends on it— because it does. ”
【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一位一生都致力于探索海洋、保护海洋的女性环保先锋——Sylvia Earle, 她三岁时就发现了自己对于海洋的热爱, 并在保护海洋方面做出了杰出的贡献和成就。1998年, 《时代》杂志给了厄尔第一个行星英雄奖。她是美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)的第一位女性首席科学家。她还入选了全国妇女名人堂。同时, 她提出了海洋对于人类的重要性。
1. What does Earle’s lifelong passion refer to?
A. Teaching people how to dive.
B. Writing articles for magazines.
C. Exploring and protecting oceans.
D. Providing equipment for divers.
【解析】选C。 细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知, 3岁时, Sylvia Earle在沙滩上玩耍, 找到了她毕生的酷爱。根据文章第四段内容可知, Earle现年84岁, 她毕生都在探索世界上的海洋, 致力于保护海洋免受污染、过度捕捞和其他威
胁。因此可知, 她酷爱的是探索和保护海洋。故选C项。
2. What do we know about Earle from the text?
A. Earle is a world record holder.
B. Earle’s mother is in support of her work.
C. Earle is a remarkable British ocean explorer.
D. Earle is the only female chief scientist at NOAA.
【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容“She holds the world record for the deepest untethered walk on the ocean floor at 1, 250 feet. ”可知, 她还保持着在1 250英尺深的海底自由行走的世界纪录。因此, 选项A. Earle is a world record holder. ( Earle是世界纪录保持者。)符合文意。故选A项。
3. Which of the following words can best describe Earle?
A. Brave and conservative.
B. Devoted and courageous.
C. Determined and rigid.
D. Ambitious and modest.
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章第四段和第五段内容可知, Earle现年84岁, 她毕生都在探索世界上的海洋, 致力于保护海洋免受污染、过度捕捞和其他威胁。她是使用水下呼吸器的先驱。水下呼吸器让潜水员在水下呼吸。她还保持着在1 250英尺深的海底自由行走的世界纪录。这意味着她在水下行走时没有被任何东西束缚。可推知, 她一生都致力于海洋探索和海洋保护, 是一个有献身精神的人; 同时, 无束缚的情况之下在水下1 250英尺深的海底自由行走, 说明她是一个勇敢的人。选项B. Devoted and courageous. (有奉献精神且勇敢的)是对她的合理评价。故选B项。
4. Which of the following statement will Earle agree with according to the text?
A. People should stop overfishing and eating seafood.
B. The ocean plays a significant role in human’s life.
C. The weather has a far-reaching effect on the ocean.
D. The exploration of the ocean can be done without limit.
【解析】选B。 细节理解题。根据文章末尾段内容可知, 在她看来, 那些不明白海洋为何如此重要的人需要知道的是, 他们的每一次呼吸, 他们喝的每一滴水, 都是在接触大海, 应该像自己的生命依赖于海洋一样对待海洋。因此可知, 她认为海洋对于人类来说是很重要的。故选B项。
