A
主题语境:人与自然 语篇类型:说明文
(2020重庆北碚区高一上学期期中联考)
When people think of working animals,what often comes to mind are dogs that watch sheep,horses that work on farms and animals that perform in movies.But there are lots of other jobs animals have had over the years.
Dogs have greater sense of smell than humans.This made dogs the traditional hunting partners,making their owners able to follow foxes and other animals.Police departments have taken advantage of this skill to help find missing people and escaped criminals.Recently,dogs have been trained to find drugs and explosives (爆炸物).
The honey guide lives in the southeast African nation of Mozambique.It has developed a win-win relationship with a group called the Yao.If a Yao member makes a certain sound,the honey guide will fly from tree to tree directing him to a hidden bee box.Once the box is discovered,the person breaks open the box for honey,and the honey guide could enjoy the honey,too.
Ferrets (雪貂) are cute and furry animals that are from 1.5 to 4 pounds.People have taken advantage of a ferret’s natural ability to run through tiny space.Ferrets wear a special harness(甲胄) that makes them able to pull a string through hundreds of feet of tiny space,which is then used to pull computer wires through tiny space.
Baby flies are called maggots.The job of a maggot is to eat and grow until it turns into a fly.This is similar to how a caterpillar eats and grows until it becomes a butterfly.However,there is a big difference between these insects.Caterpillars feed on plants,while maggots eat meat.Actually,they only enjoy bad meat.Maggots are used with patients who get serious infections that can’t be treated with antibiotics (抗生素).The maggots are used to the infected area for a number of days.They eat the dead part but leave the living part alone,thereby helping patients recover from the infection.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了几种为人类做一些不寻常工作的动物。
21.From the passage,we can learn that dogs .
A.are the friendly friends of sheep
B.have developed a win-win relationship with people
C.have greater sense of smell than foxes and other animals
D.help human beings a lot in many areas
答案D
解析推理判断题。根据第二段“Dogshavegreatersenseofsmellthanhumans.Thismadedogsthetraditionalhuntingpartners,makingtheirownersabletofollowfoxesandotheranimals.Policedepartmentshavetakenadvantageofthisskilltohelpfindmissingpeopleandescapedcriminals.Recently,dogshavebeentrainedtofinddrugsandexplosives(爆炸物)”可知,狗帮助人类牧羊、追踪猎物、寻找失踪人口和逃犯以及发现毒品和爆炸物等,可推知,狗在很多领域给予人类很多帮助。故选D项。
22.With the help of the honey-guide,the Yao member can .
A.find the hidden bee box
B.develop a great relationship with bees
C.pay attention to dangerous things
D.stay away from criminals
答案A
解析细节理解题。根据第三段“IfaYaomembermakes...ahiddenbeebox.”可知,如果一个尧族人发出某种声音,响蜜鴷会在树上飞来飞去,指引他找到隐藏的蜂箱。故可知,在响蜜鴷的帮助下,尧族人可以找到隐藏的蜂箱。故选A项。
23.What can we know from the passage?
A.The honey guide can be used as medicine.
B.People can learn much from dogs and horses.
C.Ferrets are good at running through tiny space.
D.The baby fly is always called the caterpillar.
答案C
解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Peoplehavetakenadvantageofaferret’snaturalabilitytorunthroughtinyspace.”可知,人们利用了雪貂在狭小空间里奔跑的天性。所以雪貂善于在狭小的空间内穿行。故选C项。
24.People can take advantage of the baby flies to treat .
A.burns caused by explosives
B.terrible cancers
C.harm caused by bees
D.serious infections
答案D
解析细节理解题。根据最后一段“Babyfliesarecalledmaggots.”以及“Maggotsareused...treatedwithantibiotics(抗生素).”可知,苍蝇的幼崽被称作蝇蛆。蝇蛆被用于治疗严重感染却不能使用抗生素的病人,所以人们可以利用蝇蛆来治疗严重的感染。故选D项。
