II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
SOS message on the sand saves missing sailors
Micronesia is an area of the western Pacific Ocean with more than 600 islands, ____1____ covers a huge area of ocean north of the large island of New Guinea.
Recently, three Micronesian sailors set out to sail 42 km from one Micronesian island to another. Unfortunately, they got ____2____ (lose), and then they ran out of fuel. After a long time drifting without power in the ocean, they landed on the tiny island of Pikelot, more than 100 km from their destination.
Pikelot is just 450 meters long and 280 meters wide. The highest point on Pikelot is only four meters above the sea. No people live there, and there is no water. The little island ____3____ (cover) in trees and has sandy beaches.
Three days after the three sailors set out on their voyage, they did not arrive at their destination, so ships and aircraft in the area began looking for the ____4____ (miss) men. But it was almost impossible to decide where ____5____ (look) because there are so many small islands and the ocean is so large. One of the ships was the Australian navy ship HMAS Canberra, which ____6____ (sail) from Australia to Hawaii and had a helicopter on board.
During this time, the three sailors decided to write ____7____ message on the beach on their tiny island. They wrote a huge SOS in the sand. SOS is an international signal that people use ____8____ they need help. Luckily, people on an American aircraft saw the SOS message in the sand and contacted the Canberra. A helicopter ____9____ the ship landed on the beach and gave the men food and water. Soon after, a Micronesian boat arrived and rescued the three sailors. They are very lucky to be alive, and it was the SOS message in the sand _____10_____ saved them.
【答案】1. which
2. lost 3. is covered
4. missing 5. to look
6. was sailing
7. a 8. when
9. from 10. that
【解析】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了沙滩上的求救信息拯救了失踪船员。
【1题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：密克罗尼西亚是西太平洋的一个地区，拥有600多个岛屿，覆盖了新几内亚岛以北的大片海域。分析句子结构，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词area指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
【2题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：不幸的是，他们迷路了，然后燃料耗尽了。get为系动词，后面需加过去分词lost作表语，表示失去的状态，get lost迷路。故填lost。
【3题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：小岛被树木覆盖，有沙滩。此处陈述客观事实，需用一般现在时，主语The little island和cover为被动关系，需用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填is covered。
【4题详解】
考查形容词。句意：三名船员起航三天后，他们还没有到达目的地，因此该地区的船只和飞机开始寻找失踪人员。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词men，missing意为“失踪的”。故填missing。
【5题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但是要决定去哪里找几乎是不可能的，因为那里有那么多小岛，海洋又那么大。“疑问词+to do”为固定用法，空处需填动词不定式。故填to look。
【6题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：其中一艘是澳大利亚海军“堪培拉号”(HMAS Canberra)，这艘船当时正从澳大利亚驶往夏威夷，船上有一架直升机。此处表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时。分析句子结构，which 6 (sail) from Australia to Hawaii and had a helicopter on board.是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Australian navy ship HMAS Canberra，关系词替代先行词，在从句中作主语，谓语动词使用单数。故填was sailing。
【7题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在这段时间里，这三个水手决定在他们小岛上的海滩上写一条消息。message意为“信息”，是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且message发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
【8题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：SOS是人们在需要帮助时使用的一种国际信号。结合语境“当他们需要帮助的时候”可知，此处需用when引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”。故填when。
【9题详解】
考查介词。句意：船上的一架直升机降落在海滩上，给他们提供了食物和水。结合语境“来自船上的一架直升机”，可知，空处需填介词“来自”，from意为“来自”。故填from。
【10题详解】
考查强调句。句意：他们很幸运能活下来，正是沙滩上的求救信息救了他们。“It was+被强调部分+that+句子其他成分”为强调句的基本句型，如果被强调的部分是人，可以用who代替that，此处对句子的主语“the SOS message in the sand”进行强调，空处需填that。故填that。
