A
It's surprising how much simple movements of the body can affect the way we think. Using expansive gestures with open arms makes us feel more powerful, crossing your arms makes you more determined and lying down can bring more insights(领悟).
So if moving the body can have these effects, what about the clothes we wear? We're all well aware of how dressing up in different ways can make us feel more attractive, sporty or professional, depending on the clothes we wear, but can the clothes actually change cognitive (认知的)performance or is it just a feeling?
Adam and Galinsky tested the effect of simply wearing a white lab coat on people's powers of attention. The idea is that white coats are associated with scientists, who are in turn thought to have close attention to detail.
What they found was that people wearing white coats performed better than those who weren't. Indeed, they made only half as many errors as those wearing their own clothes on the StroopTest(one way of measuring attention). The researchers call the effect ''enclothed cognition'', suggesting that all manner of different clothes probably affect our cognition in many different ways.
This opens the way for all sorts of clothes-based experiments. Is the writer who wears a fedora more creative? Is the psychologist wearing little round glasses and smoking a cigar more insightful? Does a chef's hat make the resultant food taste better?
From now on I will only be editing articles for PsyBlog while wearing a white coat to help keep the typing error count low. Hopefully you will be doing your part by reading PsyBlog in a cap and gown(学位服).
1. Adam and Galinsky's experiment tested the effect of clothes on their wearers'___________.
A. insights B. attention C. movements D. appearance
2. How does the author sound in the last paragraph?
A. Humorous. B. Academic.
C. Formal. D. Hopeful.
3. What is the main idea of the text?
A. Body movements change the way people think.
B. How people dress has an influence on their feelings.
C. People doing different jobs should wear different clothes.
D. What people wear can affect their cognitive performance.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了Adam和Galinsky所做的一个关于穿着白大褂人们注意力的实验。实验显示，穿白大褂的人表现更为出色，他们的错误率是穿普通衣服的人的一半。最终得出结论：着装影响人的认知表现。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的Adam and Galinsky tested the effect of simply wearing a white lab coat on people's powers of attention.(Adam和Galinsky测试了简单地穿着白大褂对人们注意力的影响)及第四段Indeed, they made only half as many errors as those wearing their own clothes on the StroopTest(one way of measuring attention).(事实上，他们犯的错误只有那些穿着自己衣服的人的一半（一种测量注意力的方法）。)可知，Adam和Galinsky的实验是测试着装对人们注意力的影响。B. attention(注意力)符合以上说法，故选B项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段From now on I will only be editing articles for PsyBlog while wearing a white coat to help keep the typing error count low. Hopefully you will be doing your part by reading PsyBlog in a cap and gown(学位服).可知，作者在讲述着装影响人的认知表现这一理论后说自己以后要穿白大褂上班编辑文章，以减少打字错误。他希望读者也能带上学士帽、穿上学位服阅读PsyBlog的文章。由此推断，作者是用一种幽默的语气调侃着装认知理论。A. Humorous.(幽默的)符合以上说法，故选A项。
【3题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第二段的but can the clothes actually change cognitive performance or is it just a feeling(但是，衣服真的能改变认知表现吗?还是只是一种感觉)及下文所做的实验可知，本文主要讲述着装对人认知表现的影响。D. What people wear can affect their cognitive performance.(着装对人认知表现的影响)符合以上说法，故选D项。
