A
The sudden rise of the new coronavirus (冠状病毒) has shocked China. Although China has been doing everything possible to stop the virus, it has spread outside of its borders and into other regions. There are now confirmed cases of COVID-19 in countries including the UK, Japan, Germany, Vietnam, Russia and the United States.
There is a growing fear that the effects of the outbreak will worsen if it is not contained. This has led to countries closing borders with China and putting travel bans in place, hoping to protect their own citizens. However, fear and misinformation have also caused the spread of something else — racism.
Restaurants and businesses in many tourist areas across the world have posted signs banning Chinese people. Social media users recently shared a picture of a sign outside a hotel in Rome, Italy. The sign said that “all people coming from China” were “not allowed” in the hotel. Similar signs with anti-Chinese sentiment (情绪) were also reportedly seen in South Korea, the UK,
Malaysia and Canada. These signs were loud and clear — “No Chinese”. Racist actions such as these do a lot more harm than good.
“My ethnicity (种族渊源) has made me feel like I was part of a threatening and diseased mass ,” Sam Phan, a master’s student at the University of Manchester, wrote to the Guardian.
Edith Bracho-Sanchez, an assistant professor at Columbia University Irving Medical Center, has experience working on health issues that involve international borders. “As human beings, we are afraid of the things we don’t know, but our response should be to educate ourselves, not to further spread … fears and misunderstandings,” she said. Bracho-Sanchez suggested that the media should “stick to the facts”.
Phan shared a similar view: “It’s important … to see us in all our diversity, as individual human beings, and to challenge stereotypes (刻板印象). The coronavirus is a human tragedy, so let’s not allow fear to breed (引发) hatred, intolerance and racism.”
Instead of spreading misinformation and fueling fearful thoughts, we should do everything we can to support those who are affected by events such as the COVID-19 outbreak. After all, the real enemy is the virus, not the people who are fighting it.
1. What do Paragraphs 2-3 mainly talk about?
A. How COVID-19 has spread outside of China.
B. How other countries deal with COVID-19.
C. COVID-19 leading to racism against Chinese people.
D. COVID-19 affecting business and tourism worldwide.
2. What did Bracho-Sanchez tell people with her words?
A. The media helps educate people.
B. It’s harmful to fear what we don’t know.
C. It’s better to keep your fears to yourself.
D. It’s helpful to learn about unknown things.
3. What attitude does the author hold toward the COVID-19 outbreak?
A. She hopes people work together to fight the virus.
B. She blames Chinese for spreading the virus abroad.
C. She thinks the media is responsible for misinformation.
D. She criticizes China for not doing enough to contain the virus.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，突然出现的新型冠状病毒震惊了中国，尽管中国一直在尽一切可能阻止这种病毒传播，但它已经扩散到了境外和其他地区；新型冠状病毒的传播导致了种族主义的传播，一些国家的人们歧视中国人，但种族歧视对战胜疫情毫无作用，人们应该摒弃杂念共同对抗病毒。
【1题详解】
主旨大意题。由第二段最后一句“However, fear and misinformation have also caused the spread of something else — racism.”（然而，恐惧和错误的信息也导致了其他一些东西的传播——种族主义。）和第三段第一句“Restaurants and businesses in many tourist areas across the world have posted signs banning Chinese people.”（世界各地许多旅游区的餐馆和企业都张贴了禁止中国人进入的标志。），可知故新型冠状病毒的传播导致一些国家的人们种族歧视中国人。选C项。
2题详解】
推理判断题。由倒数第三段中的““As human beings, we are afraid of the things we don’t know, but our response should be to educate ourselves, not to further spread … fears and misunderstandings,” she said.”（她说：“作为人类，我们害怕我们不知道的事情，但我们的反应应该是教育自己，而不是进一步传播……恐惧和误解。”。），可推断出Bracho-Sanchez试图告诉人们，要教育自己了解未知事物，这是有益的。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。由最后一段的“Instead of spreading misinformation and fueling fearful thoughts, we should do everything we can to support those who are affected by events such as the COVID-19 outbreak. After all, the real enemy is the virus, not the people who are fighting it.”（我们应该尽一切努力支持那些受到诸如COVID-19爆发等事件影响的人，而不是散布错误信息和助长令人恐惧的想法。毕竟，真正的敌人是病毒，而不是与之战斗的人。），可推断出作者希望人们共同努力对抗病毒。故选A项。
【点睛】推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分——推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分——推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。如在第3小题中，最后一段的“Instead of spreading misinformation and fueling fearful thoughts, we should do everything we can to support those who are affected by events such as the COVID-19 outbreak. After all, the real enemy is the virus, not the people who are fighting it.”，是已知部分，通过结合原文进行合理地逻辑判断，可推断出作者希望人们共同努力对抗病毒。故选A项。
