(2019·南京、盐城二模)Anyone who's ever made room for a big milestone of adult life — a job, a marriage, a move — has likely shoved a friendship to the side.After all, there is no contract locking us to the other person, as in marriage, and there are no blood bonds, as in family.We choose our friends, and our friends choose us.That's a really distinctive attribute of friendships.
But modern life can become so busy that people forget to keep choosing each other.That's when friendships fade, and there's reason to believe it's happening more than ever.Loneliness is on the rise, and feeling lonely has been found to increase a person's risk of dying early by 26% — and to be even worse for the body than obesity and air pollution.Loneliness damages health in many ways, particularly because it removes the safety net of social support.“When we perceive our world as threatening, that can be associated with an increase in heart rate and blood pressure.”
The solution is simple: friendship.It helps protect the brain and body from stress, anxiety and depression.“Being around trusted others, in essence, signals safety and security，” says HoltLunstad.A study last year found that friendships are especially beneficial later in life.Having supportive friends in old age is a stronger predictor of wellbeing than family ties — suggesting that the friends you pick may be at least as important as the family you're born into.
Easy as the fix may sound, it can be difficult to keep and make friends as an adult.But research suggests that you only need between four and five close pals.If you've ever had a good one, you know what you're looking for.“The expectations of friends, once you have a mature understanding of friendship, don't really change across the life course，” Rawlins says.“People want their close friends to be someone they can talk to and someone they can depend upon.”
If you're trying to fill a driedup friendship pool, start by looking inward.Think back to how you met some of your very favorite friends.Volunteering on a political campaign or in a favorite spin class? Playing in a band? “Friendships are always about something，” says Rawlins.Common passions help people bond at a personal level, and they bridge people of different ages and life experiences.
Whatever you're into, someone else is too.Let your passion guide you toward people.Volunteer, for example, take a new course or join a committee at your community centers.If you like yoga, start going to classes regularly.Fellow dog lovers tend to gather at dog runs.Using apps and social media — like Facebook to find a local book club — is also a good way to find easygoing folks.
Once you meet a potential future friend, then comes the scary part: inviting them to do something.“You do have to put yourself out there，” says Janice McCabe, associate professor of sociology at Dartmouth College and a friendship researcher.“There's a chance that the person will say no.But there's also the chance they'll say yes, and something really great could happen.”
The process takes time, and you may experience false starts.Not everyone will want to put in the effort necessary to be a good friend.
It's never too late to start being a better pal.The work you put into friendships — both new and old — will be well worth it for your health and happiness.
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Outline
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Supporting details
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Problems
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·Making friends (1)________ people of negative feelings, especially benefiting the old.However, quickpaced life robs people of the time to maintain friendship and leads to more occurrences of (2)________．
·(3)________ from society makes people mentally and physically unhealthy.
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Solutions
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·Be (4)________ with what you expect of your friends: they should be good listeners and (5)________．
·(6)________ on how you built up good friendship.
·Follow your heart and make friends with those people with (7)________ interests.
·(8)________ yourself to win a friend by inviting him to do something, not fearing to be (9)________．
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Conclusion
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The more (10)________ you are to making friends, the healthier and happier you will be.
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语篇解读：现在很多人因为忙碌疏远了朋友，但事实上好的人际关系有利于我们的身心健康。文章首先分析问题产生的原因，然后给出解决办法。
1．rids 根据第三段第一、二句“... friendships. It helps protect the brain and body from stress，anxiety and depression.”可知，友谊能使大脑和身体免于紧张、焦虑和沮丧，即交朋友可以消除人们的消极情感。故填rids。rid ... of ... “使……摆脱……”。
2．loneliness 第二段前三句意思是：但是现代生活会变得如此忙碌以至于人们忘记了朋友。友谊在逐渐地消退，孤独感在上升。所以过快的生活节奏让人们没有时间交朋友，导致孤独的出现。
3．Withdrawing/Withdrawal 根据第二段第三、四句可知，感到孤独会对我们身心健康造成危害。而孤独是因为我们脱离了社会。
4．consistent 根据第四段第四句“The expectations of friends, once you have a mature understanding of friendship, don't really change across the life course”可知，一旦你对朋友有了一个成熟的认识，对朋友的期望在一生中就不要改变。be consistent with“与……一致”。
5．supporters/helpers 根据第四段最后一句“People want their close friends to be someone they can talk to and someone they can depend upon.”将someone they can depend upon同义转换为supporters/helpers。
6．Reflect 根据第五段第二句“Think back to how you met some of your very favorite friends.”将think back to短语同义转换成reflect。
7．similar/common/shared 根据第五段最后一句“Common passions help people bond at a personal level, and they bridge people of different ages and life experiences.” 可知，共同的爱好让人们联结在一起，且可以沟通不同年龄和生活经历的人。所以要和有共同兴趣爱好的人交朋友。
8．Trouble 根据倒数第三段第一句“Once you meet a potential future friend, then comes the scary part: inviting them to do something.”可知，邀请一个暂时还不是你的朋友的人做点什么，会有被拒绝的风险。但是为了结交一个好的朋友，你必须费点心思。trouble oneself to do sth.“费心地做某件事”。
9．refused/rejected 根据倒数第三段“There's a chance that the person will say no.”可知，邀请一个有可能成为朋友的人一起做某件事有可能会遭到拒绝。say no与refuse同义。
10．devoted/committed/dedicated 由最后一段最后一句“The work you put into friendships — both new and old — will be well — worth it for your health and happiness.”可知，你在友谊方面的投入对于你的健康或者幸福来说都是值得的。所以说你在交朋友方面投入得越多，你就会越幸福。
