A
Although not as much as in the past, grandparents are the teachers of the Navajo (纳瓦霍人) youth. They make young people aware of life at an early age. The parents grant them the privilege of teaching the children, and the grandparents take great pride in raising the children or at least having a big part in raising them.
Young children often stay with their grandparents for years at a time, developing a close and trusting relationship. The grandparents teach the children Navajo legends and the principle of life, emphasizing both new culture trends and the preservation of traditions.
The grandparents are also often the leading figures in teaching the youth the arts of weaving, caring for the livestock, using herbal medicine, and other arts and crafts.
The children are taught to respect their elders, to care for them, to help them whenever they are in need, and to learn from them. Young people are urged to listen with care to the words of their elders and to keep as much wisdom as possible. Grandparents often go to social gatherings and traditional events, and the young have opportunities to learn more about their culture and traditions.
I live with my grandmother for thirteen years, and she raised me in the old ways of our people. Although I was going to school, she taught me as much as she could about our traditions. She was a beautiful woman. If I had a chance, I would listen again to her wise teachings, expressed with kindness in a soft voice that touched my heart.
We used to plant corn and pumpkin every summer. They never grew big enough to feed us, but we planted them anyway. I asked my grandmother why. She said, “Grandson, our plants will be far more beautiful than the flowers outside the fence.” I did not understand until one day I saw their beauty as I was coming over the hill with her. She said, “Anything that is a part of you is always far more beautiful than the things which you pass by.” We had some beautiful years together. I am glad she is a part of me and I am a part of her.
Children used to be well disciplined, possessing more respect for culture, tradition, and beliefs than they do now. The world of the Navajo has been influenced by the western world, and the grandparents have less control and influence than they used to. But the young people who have been touched by their teachings have glimpsed a way of life beyond what most people know today.
21. From Paragraph 1 we can learn that
A. children learn about the meaning of life from their grandparents.
B. grandparents are usually unwilling to teach their grandchildren.
C. schools are not very popular with the Navajo youth.
D. parents hate to take the trouble to raise children.
22. The author’s grandmother planted corn and pumpkin because she
A. hated wild flowers. B. needed to feed her family.
C. tried to make her fence more beautiful. D. wanted her grandson to learn a life lesson.
23. In the author’s opinion,
A. grandparents are the source of traditional culture.
B. his grandmother’s teaching could replace schooling.
C. the western world is hardly influenced by the Navajos.
D. it is impossible to get grandparents involved in teaching again.
24. The purpose of the article is to
A. honor the author’s grandmother B. share with readers a Navajo culture
C. emphasize the greatness of Navajo D. introduce the development of Navajo tribes
