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①There will be a lasting effect on your health.
②Though the parents expect much of their son, he is really disappointing.
③When I looked back, I noticed a man picking a lady's pocket.
④Holding his head high, he walked past the enemies.
⑤People running these factories are very concerned about the environment.
⑥Having finished his homework, he went to bed.
⑦As the lecture being given is of great importance, the students are listening very carefully.
⑧Having been discussed several times, the decision was finally made.
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(1)以上各句中的黑体部分在句中担当的成分不尽相同。
①⑤⑦句中作定语；②句中作表语；③句中作宾语补足语；④⑥⑧句中作状语。
(2)从以上①⑤⑦句看，现在分词作定语时位置不同。
单个的分词作定语时，一般放在所修饰名词的前面；分词短语作定语时通常放在所修饰名词的后面。
(3)④⑥句中现在分词发生的动作与谓语动作发生的时间不同。
④句中现在分词动作与谓语动作同时发生；⑥句中现在分词动作发生在谓语动作之前。
(4)⑦⑧句中现在分词与其逻辑主语存在着被动关系。
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